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Le rôle de l'agent des Messageries Maritimes à Alexandrie de 1882 à 1914 : de 1882 à 1914 : coordination, information, innovation

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  • Marie-Françoise Berneron-Couvenhes

Abstract

[fre] Résumé En 1882, alors que la Grande Bretagne établit un quasi protectorat sur l'Egypte, la présence de la compagnie de navigation française des Messageries Maritimes est menacée à Alexandrie par une âpre concurrence. Cet article analyse, à travers les Rapports annuels des agents, comment les Messageries ont maintenu leur présence et accru leur compétitivité dans le port égyptien à la veille de 1914. Au début du XXe siècle, le réseau maritime de la Compagnie, désormais trop étendu pour être entièrement contrôlé par une seule instance, est réorganisé selon une nouvelle définition du rôle de l'agent, qui aboutit à une déconcentration du pouvoir de décision. L'étude des relations de l'agent d'Alexandrie avec la Direction de l'Exploitation illustre cette innovation organisationnelle dans une Compagnie de transport maritime : simple «cheville ouvrière» avant 1900, l'agent devient progressivement le dépositaire de vastes pouvoirs. [eng] Abstract In 1882, while Great Britain was establishing a protectorate over Egypt, the presence of the French Steam Navigation Company of Messageries Maritimes was threatened by a hard harsh. This paper analyses, through the agents ' annual reports, how the Messageries maintained their position and improved their competitiveness in Alexandria before the First World War. At the beginning of the XXth century, the maritime network of the Company (now too large to be controlled by a single authority) was reorganized : the agent's role changed and led to the devolution of decision-making. The relationship between the Alexandria agent and the Direction of the Company highlights the new organisation in a Steam Navigation Company : from executant before 1900 the agent acquired a greater influence.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Françoise Berneron-Couvenhes, 2000. "Le rôle de l'agent des Messageries Maritimes à Alexandrie de 1882 à 1914 : de 1882 à 1914 : coordination, information, innovation," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 19(2), pages 267-290.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2000_num_19_2_2119
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2000.2119
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2000.2119
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