Diogène au service des princes : Antonio Magliabechi à la cour de Toscane (1633-1714)

[fre] Résumé Cet article est le récit d'une ascension sociale atypique dans la Toscane du XVIIe siècle : celle d'Antonio Magliabechi, passé de la boutique à la bibliothèque du palais ducal. Connaissant le déficit de son capital social, l'érudit impose sa conception d'un service étroitement borné aux devoirs de sa charge de bibliothécaire, à l'écart de la geste princière qui anime la cour comme les institutions culturelles florentines. Afin de pallier l'absence de repères sociaux qui en découle, il construit et incarne le personnage de Diogène, figure qui lui permet d'exhiber, comme une utopie littéraire, le caractère insoluble de la position du sage à la cour, entre distance et aliénation. [eng] Abstract This article is the reconstruction of Antonio Magliabechi' s atypical social ascension in seventeenth century Tuscany. An apprentice in a jeweller's shop of the ponte vecchio, he was to become librarian of the Ducal collections. Fully aware of his low-ranged social capital, he figures out a new view of his work by difining it strictly by his professional duties. This implies for him to retreat from the aristocratic customs of the ducal court and of the Florentine cultural institutions. In tracing his own route through a consequently uncharted social territory, he turns to the figure of the cynic Diogenes, which he constructs and embodies, thus displaying, in the form of literary Utopia, the impossible nature of being the court's «Savio», who has to comply with distance and alienation patterns.