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Les banques d'émission et la BRI face à la dislocation de l'étalon-or (1931-1933) : l'entrée dans l'âge de la coopération monétaire internationale

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  • Olivier Feiertag

Abstract

[fre] Résumé La crise financière mondiale de 1931-33 révéla l'ampleur sans précédent prise par les mouvements internationaux de capitaux à très court terme depuis le milieu des années 1920. Leur reflux à partir de mai 1931 entraîna la mise en œuvre de formes nouvelles de coopération monétaire internationale qui pour la première fois rassembla, non sans difficultés, l'ensemble des banques d'émission sous l'égide de la Banque des Règlements Internationaux (BRI) qui endossa alors, de manière proprement institutionnelle, la fonction de prêteur international en dernier ressort. Au-delà des impuissances évidentes de la BRI à enrayer le cours de la crise, il reste que les expériences monétaires collectives du début des années Trente ont marqué une étape non négligeable dans le processus long de convergence des pratiques et des doctrines monétaires en Europe. [eng] Abstract The world financial crisis of 1931-33 showed that, from the middle of the 1920s, the international movement of very short-term capital reached unprecedented proportions. A backward surge from 1931 led to new forms of international monetary cooperation. For the first time, and not without difficulty, all the issuing banks were brought together under the aegis of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), which then functioned internationally as the institutional lender of last resort. While the BSI was clearly powerless to halt the crisis, the monetary events which were experienced collectively at the beginning of the 1930s marked a significant step in the lengthy process of converging monetary practices and doctrines in Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Feiertag, 1999. "Les banques d'émission et la BRI face à la dislocation de l'étalon-or (1931-1933) : l'entrée dans l'âge de la coopération monétaire internationale," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(4), pages 715-736.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1999_num_18_4_2060
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1999.2060
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1999.2060
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