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Les grands-parents en France du XVIIe siècle au début du XXe siècle

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  • Vincent Gourdon

Abstract

[eng] Abstract This article introduces thesis work whose goal is to pave the way for a history of grand- parenthood from the modern era onwards. This subject has been largely ignored until recently, due to a belief in the absence of grand-parents in the midst of the family until the 20th century. With the help of parish and census records, and Ancien Régime documents, we will disprove this belief and show the importance of grand-parents from the 18th century onwards. A study of literary and pictoral sources even indicates that it is at the time of the dominance of Enlightenment thought that the idea of « softie » grand-parents — which will dominate in the next century at first appears. This grand-parental ideal is in fact established as a political weapon against holistic or hierarchical conceptualisations of the State. In addition, the 19th century bourgeoisie uses it as one of the leading icons for its own model family, which it promotes in the immense symbolical battle it is fighting against the noble or popular models. [fre] Résumé Cet article rend compte d'un travail de thèse destiné à poser les premiers jalons d'une histoire de la grand-parenté depuis l'époque moderne. Ce sujet a été jusqu'à nos jours largement négligé en raison de la croyance en une absence des grands-parents au sein de la famille jusqu'au XXe siècle. À l'aide des registres paroissiaux, des recensements et des actes de tutelle d'Ancien Régime, nous montrons au contraire leur importance dès le XVIIIe siècle. L'étude des sources littéraires ou picturales indique même que c'est au moment de domination de l'esprit des Lumières qu'apparaît l'idéal des «grands-parents gâteaux» appelé à faire fortune au cours du siècle suivant. Cet idéal grand-parental s'impose en effet comme une arme politique face aux conceptions holistes ou hiérarchiques de l'État. La bourgeoisie en fait en outre au XIXe siècle une des figures phares de l'excellence de son propre modèle familial qu'elle prône dans la vaste lutte symbolique qui l'oppose aux contre-modèles nobles et populaires.

Suggested Citation

  • Vincent Gourdon, 1999. "Les grands-parents en France du XVIIe siècle au début du XXe siècle," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(3), pages 511-525.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1999_num_18_3_2047
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1999.2047
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1999.2047
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