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Comparaison de la reconstruction de l'industrie chimique en Allemagne de l'Ouest et de l'Est, 1945-1949

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  • Rainer Karlsch

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Durant la période nationale-socialiste, l'industrie chimique se développe rapidement dans le triangle chimique (Halle-Bitterfeld-Boehlen). Après la guerre, jusqu'en 1948, la reprise dans la zone d'occupation soviétique semble plus rapide qu'à l'Ouest. Mais, les autorités d'occupations se contentent de reconstruire à l'identique, avec les technologies des années 1980 et 1930. Surtout, elles pratiquent des démantèlements systématiques qui réduisent les capacités de production tandis que l'économie planifiée se focalise sur les productions de base. À l'inverse, côté occidental, l'industrie chimique opère son retour sur le marché mondial en misant sur la diversification continue de sa gamme de produits. Épargnée par les démantèlements, elle élevée pour répondre aux besoins grandissants d'une consommation de masse émergente. [eng] Abstract During the national-socialist period the chemical industry developed rapidly in the « chemical triangle» (Halle, Bitterfeld, Bôhlen). After the war, and until 1948, reconstruction in the Soviet occupation zone seems to be faster than in the West. But the occupation authorities settle for rebuilding what was already there, with technology from the 1980' s (1980??? C'est invraisemblable, mais je ne sais pas quelle date il faut mettre) and 1930' s. Most importantly, they reduce production capacity through systematic dismantling, while the planned economy focuses on basic production. In the West, however, it is the other way around : the chemical industry negotiates its return to the global market by focusing on diversifying its product range. Spared from the dismantling, it can develop in response to the increasing demands of emerging mass consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Rainer Karlsch, 1999. "Comparaison de la reconstruction de l'industrie chimique en Allemagne de l'Ouest et de l'Est, 1945-1949," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(2), pages 383-395.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1999_num_18_2_2039
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1999.2039
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1999.2039
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