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La France et la crise internationale du blocus de Berlin

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  • Jacques Bariéty

Abstract

[eng] Abstract The stake in the Berlin blockade crisis (1948-49) was far more than the fate of a western enclave, which was annoying for the Soviet Empire. When he started this trial of strength, Stalin was trying to reopen a quadripartite negociation on the German question as a whole, and thus to prevent the creation of a German Federal Republic, integrated with the West, in favour of which the western powers had already decided. At first, this new policy towards Germany met with much opposition in France. Georges Bidault, who was French Foreign minister up to July 1948, had to manœuvre between his Western partners and the French Parliament. When he had been succeeded by Robert Schuman and when Stalin's plans had failed, thanks to the Berlin airlift, there was no more obstacle to the birth of the German Federal Republic and to the adoption by France of an «European» and atlanticist policy. [fre] Résumé L'enjeu du Blocus de Berlin en 1948-1949 dépassa de très loin le sort d'une enclave occidentale gênante pour les Soviétiques dans leur empire. Staline, en déclenchant cette épreuve de force, cherchait à rouvrir une négociation à quatre sur la question allemande dans son ensemble, et par là-même à empêcher la naissance d'une République Fédérale d'Allemagne intégrée à l'Occident, ce à quoi les Occidentaux s'étaient déjà décidés. Cette nouvelle politique allemande se heurta d'abord à de nombreuses oppositions en France, et Georges Bidault, ministre des Affaires étrangères jusqu'en juillet 1948, dut louvoyer entre les négociations interalliées et le Parlement français. L'arrivée de Robert Schuman au quai d'Orsay et l'échec de Staline, du fait de la réussite du pont aérien, décidèrent de la naissance de la RFA et du ralliement de la France à la politique européenne et atlantique.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Bariéty, 1994. "La France et la crise internationale du blocus de Berlin," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 13(1), pages 29-44.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1994_num_13_1_1725
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1994.1725
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1994.1725
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