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L'armée et la Fête Nationale, 1789-1919

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  • Jean-Pierre Bois

Abstract

[fre] Résumé La Fête Nationale constitue un moment privilégié de la mise en évidence de la complexité des rapports entre l'Armée, le régime, et la Nation. En cette occasion, les régimes successifs utilisent l'armée pour leur propre glorification. La Troisième République tente de se rallier une Armée dont elle se méfie (Ministère Boulanger, Affaire Dreyfus) en gommant le contenu commémoratif de la date choisie en 1880, le 14 juillet. En contrepartie, l'armée conscriptionnelle, couverte de gloire coloniale, est réhabilitée. Elle est aussi, malheureusement, impliquée dans l'ordre social, ce qui développe un antimilitarisme exprimé par des incidents lors de la Fête. Après 1910, avec un glissement référenciel sensible de la République à la Patrie, la présence de l'Armée dans la Fête nationale est acquise pour tous, de manière irrévocable avec le grand Défilé de la Victoire en 1919. [eng] Abstract The national day shows perfectly the complexity of the relations between the Army, the Regime and the Nation. At this opportunity, the successive regimes use the Army for their owvn glorification. The Third republic tries to obtain that the Army, which it mistrustes (Ministry Boulanger, Dreyfus Affair) joins it. It chooses the Date in 1880, July 14th, but wipes out the commemorative contents of the festivity. In counterpart, the Army of conscription, now glorious with the colonial wars, il rehabilitated. Unfortunately, it is implicated in the social order too. Thus an antimilitarism grows ; it can bee seen in most difficulties at the national Festivities. But, after 1910, with a translation of his contents from the Republic to the patriotic aspect, the presence of the Army in the national Day is admitted, and becomes irrevocable with the day of Victory, in 1919.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Bois, 1991. "L'armée et la Fête Nationale, 1789-1919," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 10(4), pages 505-527.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1991_num_10_4_1581
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1991.1581
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1991.1581
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