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Une noblesse en déclin à la fin de l'Ancien Régime. Le rôle des circonstances et les effets des comportements dans l'échec du second ordre luxembourgeois

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  • Calixte Hudemann-Simon

Abstract

[fre] Cet article constitue une réflexion analytique axée sur les facteurs du déclin de la noblesse luxembourgeoise, afin de mettre en évidence la part de responsabilité d'un ordre privilégié dans son propre effondrement, dans un pays paradoxalement marqué par la ténacité du régime féodal. Car, victime des catastrophes du XVIIe siècle qui ont ruiné le pays, comme des conditions géographiques défavorables (infertilité du sol, isolement et pauvreté de la province) puis des menées absolutistes des Habsbourg, la noblesse réagira de manière à accélérer sa décadence : malthusianisme sur le plan démographique, conservatisme et inertie sur le plan économique, « racisme » et xénophobie au sein des corps constitués - quitte à voir les effectifs s'effondrer —, passéisme et refus du compromis en matière politique. [eng] This paper is an analytical study of the factors which led to the decline of the nobility in Luxemburg, in order to emphazise this privileged order's responsibilities in its own collapse, in a country where paradoxically feudalism had been especially long-lived. A victim of the 17th Century catastrophies which ruined the country, of unfavourable geographical conditions (barren soils, the isolation and the poverty of the province), then of the Habsburgs' absolutist manoeuvres, the nobility reacted in such a way as could only increase its decadence, fostering demographic malthusianism, economic conservatism and inertia, « racism » and xenophobia concerning all ruling instances - caring little for the fall in their nombers —, passeism and refusal of all compromise in politics.

Suggested Citation

  • Calixte Hudemann-Simon, 1986. "Une noblesse en déclin à la fin de l'Ancien Régime. Le rôle des circonstances et les effets des comportements dans l'échec du second ordre luxembourgeois," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 5(1), pages 77-102.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1986_num_5_1_1416
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1986.1416
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1986.1416
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