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La faiblesse de l'automédication en France

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  • Thérèse Lecomte

Abstract

[ger] Geringe Eigentherapie in Frankreich . Das Verhalten beim Kauf von Arzneimittein hat sich in Frankreich innerhalb von dreiBig Jahren grundlegend geàndert. Obwohl es schwierig ist, eine exakte Bilanz zu ziehen, belegen doch verschiedene Quellen, daB der Kauf von Arzneimittein ohne Rezept, das heiBt die Eigentherapie, deutlich zurûckgegangen ist. Dièse Entwicklung erfolgte vor dem Hintergrund der Verallgemeinerung der Krankenversicherung und der Zunahme des medizinischen Angebots. Wird sich dieser Trend môglicherweise umkehren? . MaBnahmen zeichnen sich im Rahmen der Eindàmmung der Gesundheitsausgaben ab, wie beispielsweise die wirtschaftliche Ùberwachung der Verschreibungspraxis. Andere MaBnahmen sind im Hinblick auf eine europâische Harmonisierung denkbar, wie der freie Verkauf bestimmter Arzneimittel. Aufgrund der Verflechtung unterschiedlicher Interessen und des Strebens nach sozialer Gleichbehandlung ist es allerdings ungewiB, ob die Eigentherapie wieder ein Niveau erreichen wird, das mit dem in den Nachbarlàndem vergleichbar ist. [spa] Los puntos flacos de la automedicaciôn en Francia. El comportamiento de compra de medicamentos ha cambiado del todo en Francia en unos treinta anos. Pesé a la dificultad de establecer un balance preciso, varias fuentes atestiguan que la adquisiciôn de medicamentos, sin receta - la automedicaciôn - ha bajado bruscamente. La generalizaciôn del seguro médico y el crecimiento de la oferta médica constituyen el trasfondo de tal transformaciôn. l Puede acaso invertirse esta tendencia? Unas medidas se perfilan en el marco del control de los gastos sanitarios, taies como el encuadramiento econômico de las prescripeiones de los médicos. Otras se plantean en la perspectiva de una armonizaciôn europea, como la autorizaciôn de la venta en libre acceso de ciertos medicamentos. La imbricaciôn de intereses divergentes y la preocupaciôn por la equidad social no parece ser favorable a una recuperaciôn de la automedicaciôn a un nivel comparable, por ejemplo, al de pafses vecinos. [fre] La faiblesse de l'automédication en France . Le comportement d'achat de médicaments s'est radicalement modifié en France en une trentaine d'années. Malgré la difficulté d'établir un bilan précis, diverses sources attestent que l'acquisition de médicaments sans ordonnance de médecin - l'automédication - s'est effondrée. La généralisation de l'assurance maladie et la croissance de l'offre médicale constituent l'arrière-plan de cette transformation. La tendance peut-elle s'inverser ? Des mesures se profilent dans le cadre de la maîtrise des dépenses de santé, telles que l'encadrement économique des prescriptions des médecins. D'autres sont envisageables sous la perspective d'une harmonisation européenne, comme l'ouverture de la vente en libre accès de certains médicaments. Limbrication d'intérêts divergents et le souci d'équité sociale rendent incertaine une reprise de l'automédication, vers un étiage comparable, par exemple, à celui des pays voisins. [eng] Low Sales of Over-the-Counter Drugs in France . Drug purchasing patterns have drastically changed in France over the last thirty years. Although it is difficult to establish accurate figures, many sources report that the bottom has fallen out of the over-the-counter drugs market. This is due to the spread of health insurance and growth in the medical supply. . Might this trend turn around? Measures are emerging under the health expenditure control policy. One such measure is the economic control of doctors' prescriptions. Others are conceivable as part of European harmonisation, such as making1 certain drugs available for over-the-counter sale. The web of divergent interests and the concern for social equity make it uncertain that over-the-counter drugs will claw their way back to even a low level comparable, for example, with neighbouring countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Thérèse Lecomte, 1998. "La faiblesse de l'automédication en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 312(1), pages 101-107.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1998_num_312_1_2621
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1998.2621
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1998.2621
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