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Stabilité de l'emploi mais reprise du chômage en 1986

Author

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  • Olivier Marchand
  • Elisabeth Martin-Le Goff

Abstract

[fre] Le nombre des emplois reste quasiment stable en 1 986, confirmant ainsi l'inflexion favorable amorcée en 1 985. Mais, dans le même temps, le chômage a repris sa progression. Le profil de l'emploi n'est d'ailleurs pas régulier : mieux orienté, comme la conjoncture générale, dans la première partie, plus déprimé en fin d'année. . La reprise de la consommation des ménages semble avoir profité à l'emploi dans le commerce de détail et les services privés. Dans le bâtiment aussi, l'année 1986 a été bien meilleure. D'une façon générale, après les TUC, auxquels était largement due l'amélioration de 1 985, les stages de formation alternée et les embauches du Plan-Emploi-Jeunes ont contribué aux meilleurs résultats de 1 986. . À partir de l'été, la situation se dégrade progressivement. L'activité se ralentit et les licenciements économiques augmentent. La suppression dès juillet 1 986 de l'autorisation administrative pour les licenciements de moins de 10 salariés a, à court terme, un impact négatif sur l'emploi. Cependant, durant l'automne, le dispositif en faveur des jeunes atteint son plein régime, et ce n'est qu'en toute fin d'année qu'il paraît perdre quelque peu de son efficacité. D'ailleurs, les créations d'emploi s'essoufflent et, surtout, le chômage remonte. [spa] Estabilidad del empleo pero nuevo incremento del paro en 1986 - El número de empleos continué siendo relativamento estable durante 1986, lo cual corrobora la inflexion favorable iniciada en 1 985. Pero, en forma paralela, el desempleo reinició su progresión. Además, no se registre un perfil regular del empleo : en la primera parte del afio estuvo mejor orientado del mismo modo que la coyuntura general y al finalizarlo se mostró deprimido. . La reactivación des consumo en los hogares tuvo consecuencias favorables sobre el empleo, en especial para el comercio minorista y los servicios públicos. El año 1 986 fue también más favorable para el sector de la construcción. En lineas générales, luego de los trabajos de utilidad para la colectividad (TUC) a los que se debió, en gran medida, la mejora de 1 985, los cursillos de formación alternada y las contrataciones originadas por el Plan Empleo Juvenil con- tribuyeron a los buenos resultados de 1986. . A partir del verano, la situaciôn se deteriorô en forma progresiva. La actividad se redujo y los despidos por motivos econômicos se incrementaron. La supresiôn de la autorizaciôn admi- nistrativa para los despidos de menos de diez asalariados, desde julio de 1 986, tuvo a corto plazo un impacto negativo sobre el empleo. No obstante, durante el otono el dispositivo lan- zado en favor de los jôvenes alcanzô el mayor grado de eficacia; solo al finalizar el ano comenzô a notarse una pequena aminoraciôn en cuanto a sus resultados. Por otra parte, la creaciôn de nuevos empleos registre una merma y el desempleo, sobre todo, un incremento. [eng] Employment stability but resumption of unemployment in 1986 - The number of jobs remained almost stable in 1 986, thus confirming the favorable inflexion begun in 1985. But, at the same time, unemployment started up again. The employment profile, moreover, was not regular : better positioned like the general economic situation, during, the first part of the year, more depressed at the year's end. . The recovery in household consumption seems to have benefitted employment in retail trade private services. In construction also, the year 1986 was certainly better. In a general way, after the community work programs (TUC), to which the 1 985 improvement was largely due, training programs and the hiring of the Youth Employment Plan contributed to better results in 1986. . Starting in the summer, the situation deteriorated progressively. Activity slowed and economic lay-offs increased. The suppression, starting in July, 1986, of the administrative authorization of lay-offs of less than 10 salaried employees had a nagative short term impact on employment. However, during the autumn, the plan of action in favor of young people was in full force. It was only at the very end of the year that it seemed to lose some of its efficiency. Moreover, job creations fell off and, above all, unemployment started climbing.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Marchand & Elisabeth Martin-Le Goff, 1987. "Stabilité de l'emploi mais reprise du chômage en 1986," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 198(1), pages 3-13.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1987_num_198_1_5075
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1987.5075
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1987.5075
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