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Vingt ans après : les projections 1985 confrontées à la réalité

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  • Paul Dubois

Abstract

[fre] Quel sera dans vingt-cinq ans le niveau de vie des Français? Personne aujourd'hui ne se hasarderait à se poser cette question. Pourtant, au début des années soixante, le «groupe 1985 » l'avait fait, et l'INSEE avait élaboré un jeu de projections macroéconomiques pour y répondre. Les hypothèses faites en matière de démographie ou de productivité s'avèrent proches de la réalité, de même que les résultats obtenus pour la croissance économique ou la progression de la consommation des ménages par grands postes. En revanche, l'existence d'un chômage élevé n'avait pas du tout été prévue. Malgré cette déficience, l'expérience tend à montrer l'intérêt des projections à long terme. Mais celles-ci doivent accorder une place importante à la recherche des tensions et des déséquilibres pouvant mener à des ruptures. [eng] Twenty years later : predictions for 1985 confronted with the reality - What will the standard of living be for the French in twenty-five years? No one today would dare to pose this question. At the beginning of the sixties, however, the "1985 groupe" did just that and the INSEE developed a set of macro-economic predictions to answer the question. The hypotheses concerning demography or productivity turn out to be close to the reality. The same is true of the results obtained with respect to economic growth or the progression of household consumption of basic budget categories. On the other hand, the existence of high unemployment was not at all foreseen. Despite this lacuna, experience tends to show the interest of long term predictions. But the establishment of these predictions must include considerable research into the tensions and imbalances which might lead to ruptures. [spa] Veinte anos más tarde : las proyecciones de 1985 confrontadas con la realidad - ¿Cual sera dentro de veinticinco anos el nivel de vida de los Franceses? Nadie, ho día, se atreveria a hacer esta pregunta. Sin embargo, a principios de los años del sesenta, el « grupo 1985 » la formula, y el INSEE élaboró un juego de proyecciones macroeconómicas para responder a ella. Las hipótesis efectuadas en materia de demografîa o de productividad se verifican cercanas a la realidad, así como los resultados obtenidos respecto al crecimiento económico, o al desarrollo del consumo de los hogares por grandes partidas. En cambio, la existencia de una elevada desocupación no estaba prevista en absoluto. A pesar de esta laguna, la experiencia propende a demostrar el interés de las proyecciones de largo plazo. Mas estas deben de asignar un puesto importante a la búsqueda de las tensiones y desequilibrios que puedan rematar en rupturas.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Dubois, 1985. "Vingt ans après : les projections 1985 confrontées à la réalité," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 177(1), pages 3-10.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1985_num_177_1_4973
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1985.4973
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1985.4973
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