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Suicide : l'évolution séculaire d'un fait social

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  • Christian Baudelot
  • Roger Establet

Abstract

[eng] Suicide: The secular evolution of a social fact - Already at the end of the 19th century, Durkheim had established this fact: suicide statistics allow us to bring to light the constant relations between its frequency and certain social variables. These relations are impossible to ascertain by simple observation of individual acts of despair. In this way, suicide becomes a social fact. Some of these relations have been maintained and others modified. While suicide was an urban phenomenon in the 19th century, it has now become rather a rural phenomenon. This change reflects a modification of forms of social integration. But one factor does not change: the family is a form of protection. In relation to this factor, age and sex have an influence: men commit suicide more often than women, older people more often than young ones. [fre] Dès la fin du XIXe siècle, Durkheim avait établi ce fait : les statistiques de suicide permettent de mettre en évidence des relations régulières entre sa fréquence et certaines grandeurs sociales, relations indécelables à la seule observation d'actes individuels de désespoir. Le suicide devient fait social. Certaines de ces relations se sont maintenues, d'autres se sont modifiées. Urbain au XIXe siècle, le suicide est plutôt rural au XXe siècle. Ce changement renvoie à une modification de formes d'intégration sociale. Mais une donnée permanente demeure, la famille protège. L'âge et le sexe influent en relation avec cette donnée : les hommes se suicident plus souvent que les femmes, les vieux plus que les jeunes. [spa] Suicidio : evolución secular de un hecho social - Establet Desde fines del siglo 19, Durkheim senaló este hecho : las estadísticas de suicidios permiten poner de manifiesto vínculos puntuales entre su frecuencia y algunas magnitudes sociales, relaciones que no se descubren con la mera observación de actos individuales de desesperación. El suicidio llega a ser un hecho social. Algunas de estas relaciones se fueron manteniendo, otras se modificaron. Urbano en el siglo 19, el suicidio es más pronto rural en el siglo 20. Este cambio refleja una modificación intervenida en las formas de integración social. Mas perdura un dato permanente : la familia ampara. La edad y sexo influen en relación con este dato : los varones se suicidan con mayor frecuencia que las mujeres, los mayores más que los jóvenes.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Baudelot & Roger Establet, 1984. "Suicide : l'évolution séculaire d'un fait social," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 168(1), pages 59-70.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1984_num_168_1_4884
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1984.4884
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1984.4884
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guenhaël Jegouzo & Jean-Louis Brangeon, 1974. "Célibat paysan et pauvreté," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 58(1), pages 3-13.
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