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Les PME : fragilité financière, forte rentabilité

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  • Laurent Vassille

Abstract

[fre] Les petites et moyennes entreprises semblent avoir mieux résisté que les grandes à la croissance ralentie que connaît l'économie française depuis 1974-1975. La spécificité des PME est ici étudiée dans le domaine financier. Elle va au-delà de l'effet sectoriel lié à une implantation privilégiée dans les secteurs légers de l'industrie et dans le tertiaire. En effet, le poids plus important des besoins en financement à court terme des PME les rend plus sensibles aux variations conjoncturelles des conditions du crédit. Mais, à cet élément de fragilité, s'oppose une rentabilité du capital en moyenne supérieure à celle des grandes entreprises. [eng] Small ans Medium-sized Firms : Weakness in Financing, High Profits - Small and medium-sized firms seem to have shown better resistance than large corporations to the slowdown in growth which the French economy has experienced since 1974-1975. The specific characteristics of the small and medium-sized firms in the area of financing are studied here. This study goes beyond the sectoral aspects linked to the high level of implantation of such firms in the sector of light industry and the tertiary sector. In reality, their greater requirements for short-term financing make small and medium-sized firms more vulnerable to fluctuations in the terms of credit due to variations in the immediate economic situation. However, this vulnerability is accompanied by a rate of return on capital which, on the average, is higher than that of large corporations. [spa] La pequena y mediana empresa : fragilidad financière, fuerte rentabilidad por Laurent VASSILLE La pequena y la mediana empresa, al parecer, resistiô mejor que la gran empresa ante el creci- miento ralentizado que desde 1974-1975 va experimentando la economfa francesa. La especificidad de las pequenas y medianas empresas es objeto, aqui, de un estudio en el campo financière Rebasa el efecto sectoral vinculado con una implantaciôn privilegiada en los sectores ligeros de la industria y el sector terciario. En efecto, el peso mâs importante de las necesidades de financia- miento a corto plazo de la pequena y mediana empresa es causa de que es mâs vulnerable a varia- ciones coyuntu raies de las condiciones crediticias. Mas, se opone a este elemento de fragilidad una rentabilidad del capital la que, en promedio, supera la de las grandes empresas.

Suggested Citation

  • Laurent Vassille, 1982. "Les PME : fragilité financière, forte rentabilité," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 148(1), pages 21-37.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1982_num_148_1_4671
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1982.4671
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1982.4671
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