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Le point sur la situation démographique récente

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  • Nicole Guignon-Back

Abstract

[fre] L'auteur propose un tour d'horizon de la situation démographique française sous ses principaux aspects : natalité, nuptialité, divorce et veuvage, mortalité. Quelques points essentiels peuvent en être dégagés. Le ralentissement de la fécondité est sensible à tous les âges de la femme, et surtout entre 22 et 26 ans. Lorsque l'on considère le rang de l'enfant, on s'aperçoit que s'il naît presque autant d'aînés ou de seconds qu'il y a quinze ans, en revanche les troisièmes — et surtout les quatrièmes — se font plus rares. Toutefois, 1977 marque un ralentissement dans ces tendances à la baisse. En ce qui concerne la nuptialité, on relève à la fois une désaffection à l'égard du mariage depuis 1972 et une augmentation de l'âge moyen au premier mariage. Parallèlement, le nombre de divorces progresse nettement depuis 1970, tandis que le veuvage touche de plus en plus les femmes. Ceci n'est pas sans rapport avec la surmortalité masculine. Une satisfaction cependant : la chute accélérée de la mortalité infantile au cours de ces dernières années. [eng] Recent Demographic Trends -The author provides a broad overview of the main aspects of the demographic situation in France, including the birth, marriage, divorce, widowhood, and death rates. Several basic trends emerge. First, there has been a decrease in fertility for women of all ages, and especially among the 22 to 26 year age group. Next, if the child's order of birth is considered, as many first and second children are born as fifteen years ago, while a third and especially a fourth child have become much less common. Nevertheless, 1977 marked the slowdown of the general trend of demographic decline. The marriage rate shows that there has been a certain disaffection with marriage as well as an increase in the average age of first marriages. In the same way, the number of divorces has grown substantially since 1970, while the number of widows is growing. This is related to the high male death rate. A most satisfactory trend, however, has been the rapid drop in infant mortality over the period in question. [spa] Enfoque de la situación demográfica reciente por Nicole Guignon-Back - El autor propone un bosquejo de la situación demográfica francesa en sus dos aspectos fundamentals : natalidad, nupcialidad, divorcio y viudez, mortalidad. Es factible desprender unos cuantos puntos esenciales. La ralentización de la fecundidad se verifica en todas las edades de la mujer y, mayormente entre los 22 y 26 anos de edad. AI examinarse el puesto ocupado por el niño, se puede advertir que si nacen casi tantos primogénitos o segundos hijos como quince años atris, en cambio el tercer hijo y más aun el cuarto hijo escasean. No obstante, puede observarse en 1977 cierta ralentización de dicha tendencia. Respecto a nupcialidad, es de señalar la desafición al matrimonio desde et año 1972 y una elevación de la edad media al contraer un primer matrimonio. Simultàneamente, el numéro de divorcios va progresando netamente desde 1970 míentras que la viudez atane a más y más mujeres, lo cual no deja de relacionarse con la sobremortalidad masculina. Sin embargo, cabe senalarse un hecho satisfaciente ; la merma accelerada de la mortalidad infantil en el transcurso de los últimos años.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicole Guignon-Back, 1980. "Le point sur la situation démographique récente," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 119(1), pages 15-22.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1980_num_119_1_4320
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1980.4320
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1980.4320
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