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Croissance et inégalité des fortunes de 1949 à 1975

Author

Listed:
  • André Masson
  • Dominique Strauss-Kahn

Abstract

[fre] Un modèle de simulation dynamique permet de montrer que la forte croissance du patrimoine des ménages en volume et surtout en prix depuis la fin de la guerre, s'est accompagnée d'un accroissement de l'inégalité. L'augmentation des écarts entre riches et pauvres, déjà acquise pour l'essentiel dès 1962, s'explique surtout par les plus-values importantes du patrimoine des indépendants et des salariés qui possèdent un bien immobilier au détriment des salariés locataires surtout âgés. Une politique de réduction des inégalités de fortune supposerait donc d'une part, une forte hausse des bas revenus et d'autre part, une diffusion plus large de la propriété du logement accompagnée d'une lutte contre la spéculation immobilière. [eng] A dynamic simulation model allows one to show that since the end of the war, there has been a strong growth of household patrimonies, both in volume and in price terms. This growth has also been accompanied by a growth in inequality. Since 1962, the gap between the rich and the poor has essentially been fixed in the case of household patrimonies. This is explained in particular by the important surplus value of patrimonies held by independent and salaried persons; these latter own real estate, and have an advantage over salaried renters, especially those who are aged. A policy of reducing the inequalities of patrimony would mean first, a strong rise in revenues at the bottom end of the pay scale; and secondly, a larger distribution of housing, coupled with a serious effort to curb real estate speculation. [spa] Un estudio del CREP (Centro de investigación económica sobre ahorro) Crecimiento y discrepancias entre fortunas - 1949 a 1975 - Un modelo de simulación dinámica permite demostrar que el importante crecimiento del patrimonio de los hogares, en volumen y mayormente en precios, desde el fin de la guerra corrió parejas con un incremento de las discrepencias. El agravamiento de los descartes entre acaudalados y menesterosos que se verificó, con relación a lo esencial, desde el ano 1962, se explica mayormente por las importantes plus-valías del patrimonio en manos de independientes y de asalariados poseédores de un bien raiz en perjuicio de asalariados inquilinos, mayormente ancianos. Una politica de merma de las desemejanzas entre fortunas presuponia pues, por una parte, un fuerte incremento de las rentas de trabajo inferiores y, por otra parte, que la propiedad de la vivienda se vaya extendiendo con mayor amplitud y vaya acompanada por una lucha en contra de la especulación de bienes raices.

Suggested Citation

  • André Masson & Dominique Strauss-Kahn, 1978. "Croissance et inégalité des fortunes de 1949 à 1975," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 98(1), pages 31-49.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1978_num_98_1_3078
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1978.3078
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1978.3078
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