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Problèmes de conjoncture et de croissance dans une économie ouverte, la République Fédérale d'Allemagne

Author

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  • Hans-Hinrich Glismann
  • Ernst-Jürgen Horn

Abstract

[fre] Le chômage s'accroît en Allemagne fédérale de façon continue depuis 1970; après avoir atteint un maximum en 1975, il s'est stabilisé depuis, à un niveau très élevé. Analysant les évolutions de ces vingt dernières années, les auteurs tentent tout d'abord d'expliquer comment une telle situation a pu se produire, ils s'attachent ensuite à formuler des recommandations. Favorisée historiquement par un tissu industriel de qualité, protégée pendant des années par la sous-évaluation du Mark, l'économie allemande n'aurait pas transformé suffisamment tôt ses structures; lorsqu'elle y a été contrainte en raison principalement du flottement des monnaies et de la concurrence des pays à bas salaires, l'économie mondiale entrait en crise et l'investissement, déjà faible, se mettait à stagner. Dans ce contexte l'entrepreneur doit prendre des risques, déplacer les productions devenues non rentables et trouver les secteurs d'expansion; il les prendra d'autant plus facilement que les Pouvoirs publics chercheront à relever la rentabilité des immobilisations plutôt qu'à relancer la demande. [eng] A study of the University of Kiel. Short term economic and growth problems in an open economy, the German federal Republic - Unemployment has been growing in the German Federal Republic in a continuous fashion since 1970. After reaching a high point in 1975, it has stabilized since at a very high level. Analysing the evolutions of the past twenty years, the authors have attempted to explain how such a situation could have occured. They then pass to a series of recommendations. The German Federal Republic has been favored by a solid, quality industrial apparatus. The German economy has been protected for many years by the under-valuing of the Mark and the economy has not been able to transform early enough its structures. It was then forced to do this by the decision to float currencies, as well as the competetion of nations with low-wage workers. At the same time, world economies entered into a crisis and investment-already weak-began to stagnate. In this context, the entrepreneur must take risks, let drop productions which have become unprofitable and find sectors into which to expand. He will take these risks all the more easily if the Public Authorities will look for a means of raising profit-making of capital assets rather than raise the demand. [spa] Un estudio de la Universidad de Kiel. Problemas de coyuntura y de crecimiento en una economia abierta, la Republica federal Alemana - El desempleo que se va incrementando en la Republica Federal Alemana en forma continua desde 1970, tras alcanzar el tope en 1975, se estabilizó a continuation a nivel sumanente elevado. Los autores, al analizar las evoluciones registradas a lo largo de los pasados veinte anos, intentan en primer lugar explicar como se pudo producir un tal hecho; luego se aferran a hacer recomendaciones. Históricamente aventajada por una industria de alta calidad, protegida durante anos por la subelevación del Marco, la economía alemana, al parecer, no se dedicó a transformar sus estructuras a su debido tiempo cuando se vió forzada aelloacausa, mayormente, de la flotation de monedas y de la competencia de los palses de salarios bajos, la economía mundial experimentaba una crisis y la inversion, que era ya escasa, iba estancando. Dentro de este contexto, el empresario ha de afrontar riesgos, tiene que mudar las producciones que se tornaron poco rentables y ha de buscar sectores de expansion; enfrentará todos esos problemas con facilidad tanto mas que el Poder intentará restablecer la rentabilidad de las inmovilizaciones mas bien que reactivar la demanda.

Suggested Citation

  • Hans-Hinrich Glismann & Ernst-Jürgen Horn, 1978. "Problèmes de conjoncture et de croissance dans une économie ouverte, la République Fédérale d'Allemagne," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 97(1), pages 57-73.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1978_num_97_1_3088
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1978.3088
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1978.3088
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