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Croissance et stratégie internationale du Japon

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  • Christian Sautter

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[fre] L'économie japonaise a surmonté deux défis, l'un séculaire, l'autre récent. Retardataire et particulièrement dépourvue de ressources énergétiques et de matières premières, avec 10 % de croissance annuelle entre 1955 et 1968, elle se hisse au 1*r rang des pays industrialisés. S'appuyant sur une politique « mercantiliste » délibérée de l'Administration et des Sociétés Générales de Commerce, le Japon a limité ses importations au strict nécessaire et les a financées par des exportations croissantes de produits manufacturés qui avaient été au préalable bien « rodés » sur le marché intérieur. A partir de 1973, grâce à un remarquable effort à l'exportation, et au prix d'une quasi-stagnation de la production industrielle, elle a payé sa facture pétrolière en deux ans. Depuis lors, l'économie japonaise accumule les excédents commerciaux. Mais la pression déflationniste, exercée par une réévaluation excessive du yen risque dans les années à venir d'avoir des conséquences préoccupantes sur l'économie et la société japonaises. [eng] Growth and international strategy in Japan - The Japanese economy has faced two challenges; one is centuries old, the other more recent. Laggard and particularly deprived of energy and raw materials, with a ten percent annual growth between 1955 and 1968, Japan is now among the front rank of industrial countries. Utilizing « mercantile » policies developed by the Administration and by general commercial companies, Japan has limited its importations to a strict minimum; it has financed these by a growing exportation of manufactured products which had previously been « tried out » on the interior home market. Since 1973, due to a remarkable effort towards exportation, and at the price of a near-stagnation of industrial production, Japan paid its oil bill in two years. Since then, the Japanese economy has been accumulating a surplus in commercial areas. But deflation pressures, due to the excessive revaluation of the Yen, could pose serious problems for the Japanese economy, as well as the society at large. [spa] Crecimiento y estrategia internacional en Japon - La economía japonesa superó dos desafíos : el uno secular, el otro reciente. Atrasada y escecial- mente desprovista de fuentes energeticas y de materias primas, con un 10 % de crecimiento anual entre 1955 y 1968, dicha economía se coloca en el primer lugar de los países industrializados. Estribando en una política « mercanti lista» deliberada de la Administración y de las sociedades generales de comercio, Japon limitó estrictamente sus importaciones y las costeó mediante exportaciones en aumento de productos manufacturados, previamente esperimentados en el mercado nacional. A partir de 1973, merced a un notable esfuerzo para la exportación, y a costa de un casi estancamiento de la producción industrial, liquidó en dos anos la factura petrolera. Desde entonces, la economía japonesa va acumulando los excedentes comerciales. Mas la presión deflationista, ejercida por una revalorización del Yen amenaza, en los anos venideros, traer consecuencias de consideración para la economía y la sociedad japonesas.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Sautter, 1978. "Croissance et stratégie internationale du Japon," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 97(1), pages 43-56.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1978_num_97_1_3087
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1978.3087
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1978.3087
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    1. Christian Sautter, 1978. "La planification en France et au Japon," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 101(1), pages 61-63.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernadette Madeuf & Carlos Ominami, 1983. "Crise et investissement international," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 34(5), pages 926-970.

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