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Quatre mécanismes de disparition des entreprises

Author

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  • Vincent Thollon-Pommerol

Abstract

[fre] Il y a quatre façons pour une entreprise de disparaître : la cessation volontaire d'activité, la faillite, l'absorption par une autre entreprise, et la fusion avec une ou plusieurs autres. Dans l'article présenté ici, on part de l'idée que la disparition d'une entreprise est la conséquence individuelle d'un phénomène général, qui s'impose à toutes mais frappe telle ou telle entreprise plus particulièrement fragile. Il apparaît au terme de l'analyse, que le poids des immobilisations joue un rôle capital : à taille égale, la liquidation ou le rachat d'une entreprise sont d'autant plus aisés que ses immobilisations sont réduites. Par ailleurs, la rentabilisation du capital immobilisé et la trésorerie (liée aux stocks) jouent un rôle crucial. Enfin, la capacité de remboursement des dettes semble moins contraignante qu'on ne le supposait à priori. [spa] Cuatro mecanismos de fenecimientos de las empresas - Una empresa puede fenecer por cuatro motivos : por cese voluntario de actividad, por quiebra, por absorción por otra empresa y por fusion con una o con varias empresas. En el presente artículo, se parte del concepto de que la desaparición de una empresa es consecuencia particular de un fenómeno general que se impone a cada una de ellas pero que atane tal o cual empresa que se averigua mas vulnerable que las demás. Al terminarse el análisis es patente que el peso de las inmovilizaciones desempena un papel predominante : a tamano parecido, la liquidación o el rescate de una empresa se verifica cuanto mas fácil que sus inmovilizaciones son limitadas. Por demás, la rentabilización del capital inmovilizado y la tesorería (vinculada con las existencias) desempenan un papel crucial. Finalmente, la capacidad de reembolso de las deudas resulta menos apremiente de lo que se suponía a primera vista. [eng] Four Ways to Explain the Disappearence of a Business - There are four ways to explain the disappearence of a business : voluntary closing down of the firm, bankruptcy, absorption by another business, and the merging with one or many companies. In the article presented here, the author starts with the idea that the disappearence of a business is the particular consequence of a general phenomenon which is the same for all businesses; but it hits such and such business which is particularly fragile. It becomes apparent during the analysis that the weight of capital assets plays a very important role : for businesses of the same size, the liquidation or purchase of a firm are all the more easy when the capital assets are reduced in size. At the same time the show of profit for capital assets and cash (linked to stocks), plays a crucial role. Lastly, the ability to pay off debts seems less of a constraint than one would have thought a priori.

Suggested Citation

  • Vincent Thollon-Pommerol, 1977. "Quatre mécanismes de disparition des entreprises," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 95(1), pages 23-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1977_num_95_1_3103
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1977.3103
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1977.3103
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