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Rationalité stratégique et émergence des normes

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  • Laurent Cordonnier

Abstract

[fre] Les économistes appliquent parfois la théorie des jeux non coopératifs à l'analyse des normes sociales. Les normes sont ainsi décrites comme des équilibres stratégiques dans des jeux non coopératifs. Cependant, la rationalité instrumentale qui est prêtée aux agents rencontre une limite assez évidente dans l'explication de l'émergence de la norme. Dans l'idéal, pour optimiser sa réponse, chaque individu voudrait agir après tous les autres. De ce fait, pour qu'un individu donné respecte une norme particulière, il faudrait que tous les autres la respectent déjà. Autrement dit, les normes ne peuvent émerger que si elles existent déjà... Ces remarques font apparaître par contraste que le comportement norme requiert en pratique un individu doué d'autonomie ou d'esprit d'initiative. [eng] Economists apply sometimes Game theory to social norms analysis. In this framework norms are viewed as strategic equilibria in non corporative games. . But instrumental rationality, that is supposed to rule individual action, faces a clear limit relative to the explanation of nom emergence. To Select his best response, everyone would like to be, ideally, the last one ta play, after everyone. In this respect, for someone to comply with the norm, it ought to be the case that everyone yet comply with the norm. In other words, norms may emerge whenever they already exist. . . Those remarks shed light, by contrast, on the fact that norm guided action requiers some autonomy and capability to take initiative on the part of individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Laurent Cordonnier, 1994. "Rationalité stratégique et émergence des normes," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 24(1), pages 227-244.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1994_num_24_1_1174
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1994.1174
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1994.1174
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