Hayekova kritická reflexe hranic rozumu

This document was created after several years of studying the work of an important social-science thinker of the twentieth century Friedrich August von Hayek (is also based on reading some of Hayek´s interpreters and "inspirators") and was written as the final work of a minor specialization "Philosophy" at the University of Economics, Prague. The author has researched the topics in several previous works. Devoted to this time he presents a more comprehensive picture that deals with explanation of issues with emphasis on the interrelationship between ideas and phenomena. For clarity, the text is structured into chapters. After a short introduction the author deals with definition of the fundamental (according to Hayek strictly distinguished from each other) concepts, which are spontaneous order and organization. Following chapter notes the origins of constructivist rationalism, more precisely, thinking of René Descartes, the philosopher whom Hayek called "standing at the birth of an unlimited belief in reason." Another chapter is devoted to David Hume, whose argument Hayek often "enthusiastically quotes" and provides "support" for his anti-rationalist approach. Then, the text focuses on the spontaneous order of society (more accurately, market, especially on the question of justice and liberty) and presents an important Hayek´s concept - dispersed knowledge in society. Finally, the author briefly discusses current use of Hayek's extensive legacy. This paper is primarily focused on the idea that clearly permeates Hayek's work and provides him with a crucial argument for explanation of the phenomena in society, namely the idea of our knowledge limitations. This paper aims on drawing attention to Hayek's thinking through selected topics, which focus on critical reflection boundaries of reason with reference to its significance and implications.