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Mensalidade escolar, background familiar e os resultados do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM)

Author

Listed:
  • Andréa Zaitune Curi
  • Naércio Aquino Menezes Filho

Abstract

Este trabalho utiliza, pela primeira vez, os microdados do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) para analisar o papel da escola no desempenho dos alunos no ensino médio das mil melhores escolas particulares e públicas do estado de São Paulo. O objetivo é verificar se o controle pelas características socioeconômicas altera o ranking oficial das escolas e se a mensalidade está relacionada com o desempenho médio da escola. Os resultados mostram que o controle pelo background familiar não altera expressivamente o ranking das escolas, apesar de diminuir significativamente os efeitos escola. Além disso, cerca de 24% dos efeitos escola podem ser explicados pelo efeito dos pares. Por fim, a sensibilidade estimada do desempenho escolar em relação à mensalidade é de 0,11, ou seja, um aumento de 10% no valor da mensalidade escolar aumenta a nota do aluno em 1,1%, mesmo após controlarmos pelo background familiar e pelo efeito dos pares. Tuition, family background and proficiency results :: This paper utilizes for the first time in the literature the microdata from Enem to examine the school effect on the proficiency of high school students of the 1,000 best schools in the São Paulo State. The aim of the paper is to examine if the control by socioeconomic characteristics significantly alters the official school rankings. The results show that it does not, although it significantly decreases the magnitude of the school effect. Further, we show that about 24% of the school effect can be explained by the peer effect. Finally, the elasticity of the proficiency with respect to the school cost is 0,11, that is, a 10% rise in the school cost increases the students’ performance by about 1,1%, even after controlling for the family background and peer effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Andréa Zaitune Curi & Naércio Aquino Menezes Filho, 2013. "Mensalidade escolar, background familiar e os resultados do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM)," Pesquisa e Planejamento Econômico - PPE, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, vol. 43(2), pages 223-254, ago..
  • Handle: RePEc:ppe:ppeart:y:2013:v:43:i:2:p:223-254
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