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A multivariate PCA-based evaluation of betaine, vitamin C, and phytogenic (STRESS-BIOMax) - supplemented drinking water in broilers?

Author

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  • Morteza Asghari-Moghadam
  • Hamid-Reza Behboodi
  • Mehran Mehri

Abstract

Physiological and metabolic disturbances can impair growth and oxidative balance in broilers. This study evaluated the effects of Stress-BioMax (SBM) supplementation in drinking water (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mL/L) on growth performance, carcass traits, biochemical indices, oxidative status, and systemic physiological responses. SBM is a drinking-water additive containing betaine, vitamin C, and herbal extracts. Principal component analysis (PCA), quadratic regression, and segmented regression were used to assess dose-dependent responses and identify the optimal supplementation range. SBM significantly improved body weight gain and feed efficiency without affecting feed intake. The 0.50 mL/L dose produced the greatest body weight gain (3082 g) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.62; P

Suggested Citation

  • Morteza Asghari-Moghadam & Hamid-Reza Behboodi & Mehran Mehri, 2026. "A multivariate PCA-based evaluation of betaine, vitamin C, and phytogenic (STRESS-BIOMax) - supplemented drinking water in broilers?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 21(11), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0357659
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0357659
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