Performance analysis of mouldboard plough body with raised elements and frame based on numerical simulation

This paper designed a mouldboard plough device, and performs performance analysis on the share-type plow body and frame based on numerical simulation methods. Firstly, the effects of forward speed, lugs angle, and the radius of the raised structure on the mouldboard plough’s performance were investigated, utilizing the discrete element method. The effects of these variables are analyzed through the response surface method. Furthermore, the significance of each factor is examined, and optimal parameter combinations are identified. The degree of influence on soil penetration resistance, ranked from largest to smallest, is as follows: forward speed, lugs angle, and mouldboard plough surface convex radius. Specifically, resistance to soil penetration increases with an increase in forward speed, lugs angle, and the radius of the convex structure. The degree of influence on the number of soil disturbance particles is ranked as follows: forward speed, the radius of the convex structure, and lugs angle. The number of soil disturbance particles decreases with an increase in forward speed, increases with a larger radius of the convex structure, and slightly decreases with an increase in the lugs angle. By establishing a regression model, the optimal parameter combination for the mouldboard plough was determined to be a forward speed of 0.8 m/s, a lugs angle of 45°, and a convex structure radius of 9 mm. Then, based on finite element analysis, both static and modal analyses were conducted on the frame of the plow device. The results indicated that, during stable operation of the mouldboard plough, the maximum stress occurs at the hinge joint between the frame and the tractor. The maximum stress value recorded is 24.7 MPa, with a corresponding maximum deformation of 0.02 mm, demonstrating that the designed frame satisfies the static requirements. Furthermore, the first-order natural frequency of the frame is 92 Hz, which is significantly higher than the external excitation frequency, thereby preventing the occurrence of resonance. Finally, the harmonic response analysis was performed on the frame, and the results showed that under the excitation conditions of 90 Hz and 500 Hz, the maximum displacement of the rack was 16.5 mm, and the results showed that it would not affect the working performance of the machine.