Telehealth Exercise Training in Peripheral Arterial Disease (TEXTPAD) study: A pilot randomised controlled trial in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common condition among older adults, particularly those in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Supervised exercise is a key treatment for PAD-related claudication, but access to such programs is limited, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth interventions offer a promising alternative, but their feasibility and effectiveness in these populations remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a home-based telehealth intervention combining exercise and behaviour change counselling for patients with PAD from socioeconomically deprived areas of the UK. Methods: A pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with PAD patients (n = 36) recruited from the Vascular Unit of Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Participants were randomly assigned to either a telehealth intervention group (n = 19) or a control group (n = 17). The intervention consisted of weekly phone-based behaviour change counselling and twice-weekly virtual supervised exercise sessions for 12 weeks. Primary feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, and adherence. Secondary outcomes assessed functional capacity, quality of life, smoking and alcohol use, and dietary habits. Results: Of the 102 eligible patients, 36 were recruited, falling short of the target recruitment goal of 60 participants. The intervention group attended a median of 20 supervised exercise sessions (max 24) and 11 sessions with the health improvement practitioner (max 12). Exploratory analyses suggested improvements in subjective functional capacity, as measured by walking speed and stair-climbing ability (P