Sociodemographic and mental health predictors of mental health service use across provider types

Objective: To examine trends in mental health service use across four provider types (family doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers) and identify sociodemographic predictors of provider-specific access in Canada. Methods: This study analyzes seven cycles (2007–2020) of the Canadian Community Health Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. Trends over time were examined using weighted proportions and counts of service users. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were applied to the 2019–2020 cycle to assess associations between sociodemographic factors and provider-specific service use. Results: Family doctors were consistently the most accessed providers for mental health concerns, followed by psychologists and social workers, with psychiatrists being least accessed. Psychologist and social worker use increased between 2017 and 2019. In the adjusted regression models (2019–2020), women had higher odds of using family doctors (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.39) and social workers (1.19, 1.02–1.40) and lower odds of psychiatrists (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI:0.55–0.79) than men. Adults 65 + had greater odds of family-doctor use (AOR = 4.82, 95% CI: 3.59–6.47) and lower odds of psychologist (AOR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.24–0.45) and social-worker use (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI:0.16–0.29) than ages 12–17. Post-secondary education (vs less than secondary school) was associated with higher psychologist use (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.12–2.98). Higher income (≥$80,000 vs