Work stress and burnout among active correctional officers in Puerto Rico: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Correctional officers (COs) are exposed to emotional and physical harm by the nature of their work. Operational stress can lead to burnout and influence absences and COs work performance. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between work-related stress and burnout adjusted by potential confounding variables (age, sex, correctional facility, type of correctional facility, distance to work, and absenteeism). Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study was made up of 799 prison officials. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of four instruments: demographic data, Health and Job Performance Questionnaire, Police Operational Stress Questionnaire, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The questionnaires were completed online and in person. Results: A high proportion of COs reported high operational stress and burnout levels. Fatigue was the highest mean value from all stressors, with 5.89. COs reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. They also reported low levels of personal accomplishment. Furthermore, COs with high stress levels are approximately eight times more likely to experience burnout. Conclusion: These findings suggest that COs in Puerto Rico exposed to stress are more vulnerable to present burnout. The findings suggest that evidence-based interventions and programs should be implemented to help prevent and reduce operational stress and burnout among COs.