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Language bias in orthodontic systematic reviews: A meta-epidemiological study

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  • Samer Mheissen
  • Loukia M Spineli
  • Baraa Daraqel
  • Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi

Abstract

Background: Orthodontic systematic reviews (SRs) include studies published mostly in English than non-English languages. Including only English studies in SRs may result in a language bias. This meta-epidemiological study aimed to evaluate the language bias impact on orthodontic SRs. Data source: SRs published in high-impact orthodontic journals between 2017 and 2021 were retrieved through an electronic search of PubMed in June 2022. Additionally, Cochrane oral health group was searched for orthodontic systematic reviews published in the same period. Data collection and analysis: Study selection and data extraction were performed by two authors. Multivariable logistic regression was implemented to explore the association of including non-English studies with the SRs characteristics. For the meta-epidemiological analysis, one meta-analysis from each SRs with at least three trials, including one non-English trial was extracted. The average difference in SMD was obtained using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: 174 SRs were included in this study. Almost one-quarter (n = 45/174, 26%) of these SRs included at least one non-English study. The association between SRs characteristics and including non-English studies was not statistically significant except for the restriction on language: the odds of including non-English studies reduced by 89% in SRs with a language restriction (OR: 0.11, 95%CI: 0.01 0.55, P

Suggested Citation

  • Samer Mheissen & Loukia M Spineli & Baraa Daraqel & Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi, 2024. "Language bias in orthodontic systematic reviews: A meta-epidemiological study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(4), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0300881
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300881
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