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Prevalence, under-reporting, and epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in the Araguaína City of Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Monike da Silva Oliveira
  • Rogério Fernandes Carvalho
  • Carolina Merlin Meurer
  • Ézio Machado Rodrigues
  • Bianca Pereira Dias
  • Isac Gabriel Cunha dos Santos
  • Cristiane Alves Nascimento
  • Yron Moreira Rodrigues
  • Alessandro José Ferreira dos Santos
  • Katyane de Sousa Almeida
  • Ueric José Borges de Souza
  • Fabrício Souza Campos
  • Juliane Ribeiro
  • Célia Maria de Almeida Soares
  • José Carlos Ribeiro Júnior

Abstract

Asymptomatic and underreported individuals remain a source of coronafig disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission to others. Data on the prevalence and epidemiological factors influencing transmission are fundamental for establishing control measures, especially in vulnerable regions such as the Amazon. This study aimed to determine the point prevalence and active infection of COVID-19 among the population in Araguaína, a Brazilian city located in the Amazon region, analyzed the socioeconomic and behavioral variables of a statistically representative sample of this population using an epidemiological survey, and identify the viral genomic diversity in the region. During the sixth epidemiological week of 2021 (February 8 to 12), samples of 497 inhabitants of the municipality asymptomatic for respiratory syndromes underwent reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serological tests (immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G). A questionnaire collated data on socioeconomic factors, prevention measures, and health status history. The active infection rate was 6.2%, and the prevalence was 13.5% of the study population. Active infection cases were under-reported; each reported positive case represented 14–28 under-reported cases. Lineages P.2, P.1, and B.1.1 were detected. Working from home was a protective factor against the infection, and clinical signs of fever, dry cough, and loss of taste or smell were associated with testing positive (p

Suggested Citation

  • Monike da Silva Oliveira & Rogério Fernandes Carvalho & Carolina Merlin Meurer & Ézio Machado Rodrigues & Bianca Pereira Dias & Isac Gabriel Cunha dos Santos & Cristiane Alves Nascimento & Yron Moreir, 2024. "Prevalence, under-reporting, and epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in the Araguaína City of Brazil," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(6), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0300191
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300191
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    1. Nasser F. BinDhim & Nora A. Althumiri & Mada H. Basyouni & Norah AlMousa & Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim & Alanoud Alhakbani & Najat Alrashed & Elaf Almahmoud & Rawan AlAloula & Saleh A. Alqahtani, 2021. "Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Response on Population Health in Saudi Arabia: Results from the “Sharik” Health Indicators Surveillance System during 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-12, May.
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