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Spatial distribution and associated factors of co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and Anemia among women in the reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis, DHS 2016–2021

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  • Mihret Getnet
  • Wullo Sisay Sisay
  • Adugnaw Zeleke Alem

Abstract

Background: Overweight/obesity is one of the major public health problems that affect both developed and developing nations. The co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia is thought to be largely preventable if detected early. To date, no spatial analyses have been performed to identify areas of hotspots for the co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia among reproductive women in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of the co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia among women of reproductive age. Methods: Data for the study were drawn from the Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted in the era of Sustainable Development Goals, in which the World Health Assembly decided and planned to cease all forms of malnutrition by 2030. Seventeen sub-Saharan African countries and a total weighted sample of 108,161 reproductive women (15–49 years) were included in our study. The data extraction, recoding and analysis were done using STATA V.17. For the spatial analysis (autocorrelation, hot-spot and interpolation), ArcGIS version 10.7 software, and for the SaTScan analysis, SaTScan version 10.1 software was used. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequency tables and percentages. We employed multilevel logistic regression to investigate associated factors. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value of ≤0.05 are considered as a significant factor associated with co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia among women aged 15–49 years. Results: The overall co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia among women in sub-Saharan Africa was 12% (95%CI: 9–14%). The spatial analysis revealed that the co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and anemia among women significantly varied across sub-Saharan Africa. (Global Moran’s I = 0.583163, p

Suggested Citation

  • Mihret Getnet & Wullo Sisay Sisay & Adugnaw Zeleke Alem, 2024. "Spatial distribution and associated factors of co-occurrence of overweight/obesity and Anemia among women in the reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis, DHS 2016–2021," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(4), pages 1-28, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0299519
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299519
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