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Inhibitory control effectiveness can be improved: The role of arousal, subjective significance and origin of words in modified Emotional Stroop Test

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  • Kamil K Imbir
  • Joanna Duda-Goławska
  • Maciej Pastwa
  • Adam Sobieszek
  • Adrianna Wielgopolan
  • Marta Jankowska
  • Aleksandra Modzelewska
  • Jarosław Żygierewicz

Abstract

The interference control measured in the Emotional Stroop Task is the phenomenon that gives us an insight into mechanisms of emotion-cognition interactions. Especially the role of dimensions of affect can be easily studied with this paradigm. In the current study, we were interested in the role of the complexity of emotional stimuli (origin). We also aimed at searching for activation-like factors that impair (arousal) or improve (subjective significance) the effectiveness of cognitive control. We have used an orthogonal manipulation of all the above dimensions in words. We expected to find the contrastive effects of arousal and subjective significance on reaction times and Event Related Potential’s amplitudes. On a behavioural level, we observed the reduction of reaction times with increasing subjective significance of stimuli and reflective origin. We also found a correlation between subjective significance and reduction of amplitude polarisation in the N450 component associated with cognitive control execution effort. This experiment shows that subjective significance has an improving role for cognitive control effectiveness, even when valence, arousal and origin levels are controlled. This guides us to conclude that external stimuli may drive not only disruption of control but also its improvement.

Suggested Citation

  • Kamil K Imbir & Joanna Duda-Goławska & Maciej Pastwa & Adam Sobieszek & Adrianna Wielgopolan & Marta Jankowska & Aleksandra Modzelewska & Jarosław Żygierewicz, 2022. "Inhibitory control effectiveness can be improved: The role of arousal, subjective significance and origin of words in modified Emotional Stroop Test," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(6), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0270558
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270558
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hadar Levi-Aharoni & Oren Shriki & Naftali Tishby, 2020. "Surprise response as a probe for compressed memory states," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, February.
    2. Rik van Dinteren & Martijn Arns & Marijtje L A Jongsma & Roy P C Kessels, 2014. "P300 Development across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(2), pages 1-13, February.
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    1. Hadar Levi-Aharoni & Oren Shriki & Naftali Tishby, 2020. "Surprise response as a probe for compressed memory states," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, February.

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