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Effect of the presence of an aquarium in the waiting area on the stress, anxiety and mood of adult dental patients: A controlled clinical trial

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  • Andrea Lundberg
  • Murali Srinivasan

Abstract

Background: Interaction with fish is known to reduce stress and anxiety in humans. Objective: This trial evaluated the effect of an aquarium present in a geriatric dental clinic waiting-area (WA) on blood pressure (BP), heart-rate (HR), anxiety, and mood of waiting patients. Methods: Participants were recruited into three groups: control (CG): WA without aquarium; partially-stocked aquarium (PSA): aquarium without fish; fully-stocked aquarium (FSA): aquarium with fish. BP and HR of the participants were recorded upon arrival and after 20-minutes of waiting, along with anxiety [State trait anxiety inventory (STAI-6)] and mood [Feeling scale (FS), Felt arousal scale (FAS)] scores. A purpose-built questionnaire evaluated the subjective assessment of the participants’ experience in the WA. ANOVA with repeated measures and nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis (p

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Lundberg & Murali Srinivasan, 2021. "Effect of the presence of an aquarium in the waiting area on the stress, anxiety and mood of adult dental patients: A controlled clinical trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(10), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0258118
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258118
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