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Exploring menstrual products: A systematic review and meta-analysis of reusable menstrual pads for public health internationally

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  • Anna Maria van Eijk
  • Naduni Jayasinghe
  • Garazi Zulaika
  • Linda Mason
  • Muthusamy Sivakami
  • Holger W Unger
  • Penelope A Phillips-Howard

Abstract

Background: Girls and women need effective, safe, and affordable menstrual products. Single-use menstrual pads and tampons are regularly provided by agencies among resource-poor populations. Reusable menstrual pads (RMPs: fabric layers sewn together by an enterprise for manufacture of menstrual products) may be an effective alternative. Methods: For this review (PROSPERO CRD42020179545) we searched databases (inception to November 1, 2020) for quantitative and qualitative studies that reported on leakage, acceptability, or safety of RMPs. Findings were summarised or combined using forest plots (random-effects meta-analysis). Potential costs and environmental savings associated with RMPs were estimated. Results: A total of 44 studies were eligible (~14,800 participants). Most were conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC, 78%), and 20% in refugee settings. The overall quality of studies was low. RMP uptake in cohort studies ranged from 22–100% (12 studies). One Ugandan trial among schoolgirls found leakage with RMPs was lower (44.4%, n = 72) compared to cloths (78%, n = 111, p

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Maria van Eijk & Naduni Jayasinghe & Garazi Zulaika & Linda Mason & Muthusamy Sivakami & Holger W Unger & Penelope A Phillips-Howard, 2021. "Exploring menstrual products: A systematic review and meta-analysis of reusable menstrual pads for public health internationally," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(9), pages 1-26, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0257610
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257610
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    Cited by:

    1. Laura Medina-Perucha & Tomàs López-Jiménez & Anna Sofie Holst & Constanza Jacques-Aviñó & Jordina Munrós-Feliu & Cristina Martínez-Bueno & Carme Valls-Llobet & Diana Pinzón Sanabria & Mª Mercedes Vice, 2022. "Use and perceptions on reusable and non-reusable menstrual products in Spain: A mixed-methods study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, March.

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