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Incidence and risk factors of kidney impairment on patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis of 10180 patients

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  • Qixin Yang
  • Xiyao Yang

Abstract

Background: The novel coronavirus is pandemic around the world. Several researchers have given the evidence of impacts of COVID-19 on the respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system. Studies still have debated on kidney injury of COVID-19 patients. The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of kidney impairment with the development of COVID-19. Methods: The PubMed, Embase and MedRxiv databases were searched until May 1, 2020. We extracted data from eligible studies to summarize the clinical manifestations and laboratory indexes of kidney injury on COVID-19 infection patients and further compared the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the mean differences of three biomarkers between in ICU/severe and non-ICU/non-severe cases. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 method. Results: In the sum of 24 studies with 10180 patients were included in this analysis. The pooled prevalence of AKI, increased serum creatinine (Scr), increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), increased D-dimer, proteinuria and hematuria in patients with COVID-19 were 16.2%, 8.3%, 6.2%, 49.8%, 50.1% and 30.3% respectively. Moreover, the means of Scr, BUN and D-dimer were shown 6.4-folds, 1.8-folds and 0.67-folds, respectively, higher in ICU/severe cases than in corresponding non-ICU/non-severe patients. The prevalence of AKI was about 30 folds higher in ICU/severe patients compared with the non-ICU/non-severe cases. Conclusions: Overall, we assessed the incidences of the clinic and laboratory features of kidney injury in COVID-19 patients. And kidney dysfunction may be a risk factor for COVID-19 patients developing into the severe condition. In reverse, COVID-19 can also cause damage to the kidney.

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  • Qixin Yang & Xiyao Yang, 2020. "Incidence and risk factors of kidney impairment on patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis of 10180 patients," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0241953
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lan Yang & Jing Jin & Wenxin Luo & Yuncui Gan & Bojiang Chen & Weimin Li, 2020. "Risk factors for predicting mortality of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-11, November.
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    1. Tania Buttiron Webber & Silvia Giuliano & Carlotta Patrone & Irene Maria Briata & Maria Franconeri & Francesca Marceca & Monica Magnani & Fortuna Paciolla & Nicoletta Provinciali & Carlotta Defferrari, 2021. "Home Se-Cure: A Home Care Service for Cancer Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-8, October.
    2. Aurea Lima & Hugo Sousa & Amanda Nobre & Ana Luisa Faria & Manuela Machado, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Portuguese Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-15, August.
    3. C. Vladimir Rodríguez-Caballero & J. Eduardo Vera-Valdés, 2021. "Air Pollution and Mobility, What Carries COVID-19?," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-17, October.
    4. Juliana Rodrigues Tovar Garbin & Franciéle Marabotti Costa Leite & Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior & Cristiano Soares da Silva Dell’Antonio & Larissa Soares Dell’Antonio & Ana Paula Brioschi dos Santos, 2022. "Analysis of Survival of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Espírito Santo, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-16, July.
    5. Holly L. Richmond & Joana Tome & Haresh Rochani & Isaac Chun-Hai Fung & Gulzar H. Shah & Jessica S. Schwind, 2020. "The Use of Penalized Regression Analysis to Identify County-Level Demographic and Socioeconomic Variables Predictive of Increased COVID-19 Cumulative Case Rates in the State of Georgia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-12, October.
    6. Ning Zhang & Tao Xie & Wei Ning & Rongxin He & Bin Zhu & Ying Mao, 2021. "The Severity of COVID-19 and Its Determinants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Veruscka Leso & Luca Fontana & Ivo Iavicoli, 2021. "Susceptibility to Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Occupational Settings: The Complex Interplay between Individual and Workplace Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-16, January.
    8. Arthur Eumann Mesas & Iván Cavero-Redondo & Celia Álvarez-Bueno & Marcos Aparecido Sarriá Cabrera & Selma Maffei de Andrade & Irene Sequí-Dominguez & Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, 2020. "Predictors of in-hospital COVID-19 mortality: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis exploring differences by age, sex and health conditions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-23, November.

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