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Relationship between a pressure redistributing foam mattress and pressure injuries: An observational prospective cohort study

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  • Dorothy Li Bai
  • Tsai-Wen Liu
  • Hsiu-Ling Chou
  • Yeh-Liang Hsu

Abstract

Background and purpose: Pressure injuries remain a significant health care issue in various settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a pressure redistributing foam mattress (PRFM) and the development of pressure injuries. Methods: This study employed an observational prospective cohort study design. We enrolled 254 participants from the intensive care unit who were at risk of developing pressure injuries. Participants were exposed to either a nonpressure redistributing foam mattress (NPRFM), which was the standard mattress used at the study site, or a PRFM made of viscoelastic, temperature-sensitive, polyurethane memory foam. The patients’ assignment to either a PRFM or NPRFM was performed upon their admission, before the study eligibility screening. The relationship between the PRFM and the development of pressure injuries was studied using a logistic regression model. Results: The overall incidence of pressure injuries was 5.9% (15/254) in our study, with 1.6% (2/127) for participants who used a PRFM and 10.2% (13/127) for those using a NPRFM. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, use of a PRFM was associated with an 88% reduced risk of pressure injury development (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.56, P = 0.007). The use of a PRFM also contributed to a postponed occurrence of pressure injuries by 4.2 days on average in comparison with that of a NPRFM (P = 0.041). Conclusions: A PRFM is associated with a significantly reduced incidence and postponed occurrence of pressure injuries. It is recommended to use a PRFM for patients at risk of developing pressure injuries.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorothy Li Bai & Tsai-Wen Liu & Hsiu-Ling Chou & Yeh-Liang Hsu, 2020. "Relationship between a pressure redistributing foam mattress and pressure injuries: An observational prospective cohort study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0241276
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241276
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Silke Theisen & Anna Drabik & Stephanie Stock, 2012. "Pressure ulcers in older hospitalised patients and its impact on length of stay: a retrospective observational study," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(3‐4), pages 380-387, February.
    2. Zena Moore & Seamus Cowman & Ronán M Conroy, 2011. "A randomised controlled clinical trial of repositioning, using the 30° tilt, for the prevention of pressure ulcers," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(17‐18), pages 2633-2644, September.
    3. Paolo Chiari & Cristiana Forni & Monica Guberti & Domenica Gazineo & Sabrina Ronzoni & Fabio D’Alessandro, 2017. "Predictive Factors for Pressure Ulcers in an Older Adult Population Hospitalized for Hip Fractures: A Prognostic Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, January.
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