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Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor levels in tears and serum among diabetic patients

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  • Wen Jeat Ang
  • Embong Zunaina
  • Abdul Jalil Norfadzillah
  • Raja Omar Raja-Norliza
  • Muhammed Julieana
  • Siti Azrin Ab-Hamid
  • Mohamed Mahaneem

Abstract

Objective: Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in ocular tissue may perhaps provide insight into the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of VEGF in tears and serum amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2016 and May 2018 involving type 2 DM patients with no DR, non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Tear samples were collected using no.41 Whatman filter paper (Schirmer strips) and 5 mL blood samples were drawn by venous puncture. VEGF levels in tears and serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A total of 88 type 2 DM patients (no DR: 30 patients, NPDR: 28 patients, PDR: 30 patients) were included in the study. Mean tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in the NPDR and PDR groups (114.4 SD 52.5 pg/mL and 150.8 SD 49.7 pg/mL, respectively) compared to the no DR group (40.4 SD 26.5 pg/mL, p

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Jeat Ang & Embong Zunaina & Abdul Jalil Norfadzillah & Raja Omar Raja-Norliza & Muhammed Julieana & Siti Azrin Ab-Hamid & Mohamed Mahaneem, 2019. "Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor levels in tears and serum among diabetic patients," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(8), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0221481
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221481
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