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Ruminal methane emissions, metabolic, and microbial profile of Holstein steers fed forage and concentrate, separately or as a total mixed ration

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  • Rajaraman Bharanidharan
  • Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
  • Eun Bae Kim
  • Chang Hyun Lee
  • Yang Won Woo
  • Youngjun Na
  • Danil Kim
  • Kyoung Hoon Kim

Abstract

Few studies have examined the effects of feeding total mixed ration (TMR) versus roughage and concentrate separately (SF) on ruminant methane production. Therefore, this study compared differences in methane production, ruminal characteristics, total tract digestibility of nutrients, and rumen microbiome between the two feeding methods in Holstein steers. A total six Holstein steers of initial bodyweights 540 ± 34 kg were divided into two groups and assigned to a same experimental diet with two different feeding systems (TMR or SF) in a crossover design with 21 d periods. The experimental diet contained 73% concentrate and 27% forage and were fed twice a day. The total tract digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, and organic matter were not affected by the two different feeding systems. Steers fed TMR emitted more methane (138.5 vs. 118.2 L/d; P

Suggested Citation

  • Rajaraman Bharanidharan & Selvaraj Arokiyaraj & Eun Bae Kim & Chang Hyun Lee & Yang Won Woo & Youngjun Na & Danil Kim & Kyoung Hoon Kim, 2018. "Ruminal methane emissions, metabolic, and microbial profile of Holstein steers fed forage and concentrate, separately or as a total mixed ration," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0202446
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202446
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