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A novel inverse association between cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D and leg length in boys up to three years. An Odense Child Cohort study

Author

Listed:
  • Mathilde Egelund Christensen
  • Signe Sparre Beck-Nielsen
  • Christine Dalgård
  • Søs Dragsbæk Larsen
  • Sine Lykkedegn
  • Henriette Boye Kyhl
  • Steffen Husby
  • Henrik Thybo Christesen

Abstract

Background and aim: Long standing vitamin D deficiency in children causes rickets with growth impairment. We investigated whether sub-ischial leg length (SLL) is shorter, and cephalo-caudal length:length (CCL:L) ratio and sitting height:height (SH:H) ratio larger, with lower cord s-25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in the population-based prospective Odense Child Cohort, Denmark. Methods: We included healthy singletons born to term with available measures of cord 25OHD and anthropometrics up to three years’ age. Linear regression was stratified by sex a priori and adjusted for maternal ethnicity, pre-pregnancy body mass index and smoking during pregnancy, season of blood sampling and child age. Results: Median (IQR) cord 25OHD was 48.0 (34.0–62.4) nmol/L. At mean age 19.1 months, n = 504, mean (SD) SLL was 31.7 (1.7) cm; CCL:L-ratio 0.62 (0.01). At 36.3 months, n = 956, mean SLL was 42.9 (2.0) cm; SH:H-ratio 0.56 (0.01). No participants had rickets. In adjusted analyses, 19-months-old boys had 0.1 cm shorter SLL (p = 0.009) and 0.1% higher CCL:L-ratio (p = 0.04) with every 10 nmol/L increase in cord 25OHD. Similar findings were seen for late pregnancy 25OHD. In the highest cord 25OHD quartile (>60.7 nmol/L), SLL was 0.8 cm shorter (95% C.I.: 1.36;-0.29, linear trend, p = 0.004), and CCL:L-ratio 0.8% higher (95% C.I. 8.0x10-05;0.01, linear trend, p = 0.01), compared to lowest quartile (

Suggested Citation

  • Mathilde Egelund Christensen & Signe Sparre Beck-Nielsen & Christine Dalgård & Søs Dragsbæk Larsen & Sine Lykkedegn & Henriette Boye Kyhl & Steffen Husby & Henrik Thybo Christesen, 2018. "A novel inverse association between cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D and leg length in boys up to three years. An Odense Child Cohort study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0198724
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198724
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