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Health Outcomes of Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Charlotte Beaudart
  • Myriam Zaaria
  • Françoise Pasleau
  • Jean-Yves Reginster
  • Olivier Bruyère

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review to assess the short-, middle- and long-term consequences of sarcopenia. Methods: Prospective studies assessing the consequences of sarcopenia were searched across different electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM Reviews, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EBM Reviews ACP Journal Club, EBM Reviews DARE and AMED). Only studies that used the definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People to diagnose sarcopenia were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. For outcomes reported by three or more studies, a meta-analysis was performed. The study results are expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI. Results: Of the 772 references identified through the database search, 17 were included in this systematic review. The number of participants in the included studies ranged from 99 to 6658, and the duration of follow-up varied from 3 months to 9.8 years. Eleven out of 12 studies assessed the impact of sarcopenia on mortality. The results showed a higher rate of mortality among sarcopenic subjects (pooled OR of 3.596 (95% CI 2.96–4.37)). The effect was higher in people aged 79 years or older compared with younger subjects (p = 0.02). Sarcopenia is also associated with functional decline (pooled OR of 6 studies 3.03 (95% CI 1.80–5.12)), a higher rate of falls (2/2 studies found a significant association) and a higher incidence of hospitalizations (1/1 study). The impact of sarcopenia on the incidence of fractures and the length of hospital stay was less clear (only 1/2 studies showed an association for both outcomes). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is associated with several harmful outcomes, making this geriatric syndrome a real public health burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Charlotte Beaudart & Myriam Zaaria & Françoise Pasleau & Jean-Yves Reginster & Olivier Bruyère, 2017. "Health Outcomes of Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0169548
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169548
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    1. Anna Zapaishchykova & Kevin X. Liu & Anurag Saraf & Zezhong Ye & Paul J. Catalano & Viviana Benitez & Yashwanth Ravipati & Arnav Jain & Julia Huang & Hasaan Hayat & Jirapat Likitlersuang & Sridhar Vaj, 2023. "Automated temporalis muscle quantification and growth charts for children through adulthood," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Tomoyuki Morisawa & Yota Kunieda & Shingo Koyama & Mizue Suzuki & Yuma Takahashi & Tomokazu Takakura & Yuta Kikuchi & Tadamitsu Matsuda & Yuji Fujino & Ryuichi Sawa & Akihiro Sakuyama & Masakazu Saito, 2021. "The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Respiratory Muscle Weakness in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko & Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka & Aleksandra Kaluźniak-Szymanowska & Arkadiusz Styszyński & Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, 2020. "Polish version of SARC-F to assess sarcopenia in older adults: An examination of reliability and validity," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, December.

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