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Cultural Adaptation of the Portuguese Version of the “Sniffin’ Sticks” Smell Test: Reliability, Validity, and Normative Data

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  • João Carlos Ribeiro
  • João Simões
  • Filipe Silva
  • Eduardo D Silva
  • Cornelia Hummel
  • Thomas Hummel
  • António Paiva

Abstract

The cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Sniffin`Sticks test for the Portuguese population is described. Over 270 people participated in four experiments. In Experiment 1, 67 participants rated the familiarity of presented odors and seven descriptors of the original test were adapted to a Portuguese context. In Experiment 2, the Portuguese version of Sniffin`Sticks test was administered to 203 healthy participants. Older age, male gender and active smoking status were confirmed as confounding factors. The third experiment showed the validity of the Portuguese version of Sniffin`Sticks test in discriminating healthy controls from patients with olfactory dysfunction. In Experiment 4, the test-retest reliability for both the composite score (r71 = 0.86) and the identification test (r71 = 0.62) was established (p

Suggested Citation

  • João Carlos Ribeiro & João Simões & Filipe Silva & Eduardo D Silva & Cornelia Hummel & Thomas Hummel & António Paiva, 2016. "Cultural Adaptation of the Portuguese Version of the “Sniffin’ Sticks” Smell Test: Reliability, Validity, and Normative Data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(2), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0148937
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148937
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