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Brain Morphology in Children with Epilepsy and ADHD

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  • Ricardo Saute
  • Kevin Dabbs
  • Jana E Jones
  • Daren C Jackson
  • Michael Seidenberg
  • Bruce P Hermann

Abstract

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common comorbidity of childhood epilepsy, but the neuroanatomical correlates of ADHD in epilepsy have yet to be comprehensively characterized. Methods: Children with new and recent-onset epilepsy with (n = 18) and without (n = 36) ADHD, and healthy controls (n = 46) underwent high resolution MRI. Measures of cortical morphology (thickness, area, volume, curvature) and subcortical and cerebellar volumes were compared between the groups using the program FreeSurfer 5.1. Results: Compared to the control group, children with epilepsy and ADHD exhibited diffuse bilateral thinning in the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, with volume reductions in the brainstem and subcortical structures (bilateral caudate, left thalamus, right hippocampus). There were very few group differences across measures of cortical volume, area or curvature. Conclusions: Children with epilepsy and comorbid ADHD exhibited a pattern of bilateral and widespread decreased cortical thickness as well as decreased volume of subcortical structures and brainstem. These anatomic abnormalities were evident early in the course of epilepsy suggesting the presence of antecedent neurodevelopmental changes, the course of which remains to be determined.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Saute & Kevin Dabbs & Jana E Jones & Daren C Jackson & Michael Seidenberg & Bruce P Hermann, 2014. "Brain Morphology in Children with Epilepsy and ADHD," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-8, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0095269
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095269
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