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Semantic Processing Disturbance in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of the N400 Component

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  • Kui Wang
  • Eric F C Cheung
  • Qi-yong Gong
  • Raymond C K Chan

Abstract

Background: Theoretically semantic processing can be separated into early automatic semantic activation and late contextualization. Semantic processing deficits have been suggested in patients with schizophrenia, however it is not clear which stage of semantic processing is impaired. We attempted to clarify this issue by conducting a meta-analysis of the N400 component. Methods: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis procedure. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software package was used to compute pooled effect sizes and homogeneity. Results: Studies favoring early automatic activation produced a significant effect size of −0.41 for the N400 effect. Studies favoring late contextualization generated a significant effect size of −0.36 for the N400 effect, a significant effect size of −0.52 for N400 for congruent/related target words, and a significant effect size of 0.82 for the N400 peak latency. Conclusion: These findings suggest the automatic spreading activation process in patients with schizophrenia is very similar for closely related concepts and weakly or remotely related concepts, while late contextualization may be associated with impairments in processing semantically congruent context accompanied by slow processing speed.

Suggested Citation

  • Kui Wang & Eric F C Cheung & Qi-yong Gong & Raymond C K Chan, 2011. "Semantic Processing Disturbance in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of the N400 Component," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(10), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0025435
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025435
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    Cited by:

    1. Ziad Safadi & Limor Lichtenstein-Vidne & Michael Dobrusin & Avishai Henik, 2013. "Investigating Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia: Evidence for Pathological Activation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(12), pages 1-1, December.

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