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Influence of Consumption of a High-Protein vs. High-Carbohydrate Meal on the Physiological Cortisol and Psychological Mood Response in Men and Women

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  • Sofie G Lemmens
  • Jurriaan M Born
  • Eveline A Martens
  • Mieke J Martens
  • Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga

Abstract

Consumption of meals with different macronutrient contents, especially high in carbohydrates, may influence the stress-induced physiological and psychological response. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of consumption of a high-protein vs. high-carbohydrate meal on the physiological cortisol response and psychological mood response. Subjects (n = 38, 19m/19f, age = 25±9 yrs, BMI = 25.0±3.3 kg/m2) came to the university four times, fasted, for either condition: rest-protein, stress-protein, rest-carbohydrate, stress-carbohydrate (randomized cross-over design). Stress was induced by means of a psychological computer-test. The test-meal was either a high-protein meal (En% P/C/F 65/5/30) or a high-carbohydrate meal (En% P/C/F 6/64/30), both meals were matched for energy density (4 kJ/g) and daily energy requirements (30%). Per test-session salivary cortisol levels, appetite profile, mood state and level of anxiety were measured. High hunger, low satiety (81±16, 12±15 mmVAS) confirmed the fasted state. The stress condition was confirmed by increased feelings of depression, tension, anger, anxiety (AUC stress vs. rest p 0.1). Consumption of the test-meals increased cortisol levels in men in all conditions (p

Suggested Citation

  • Sofie G Lemmens & Jurriaan M Born & Eveline A Martens & Mieke J Martens & Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga, 2011. "Influence of Consumption of a High-Protein vs. High-Carbohydrate Meal on the Physiological Cortisol and Psychological Mood Response in Men and Women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(2), pages 1-6, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0016826
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016826
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