IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0016049.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reliability and Validity of the Ethiopian Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in HIV Infected Patients

Author

Listed:
  • Ayalu Aklilu Reda

Abstract

Background: The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument for evaluating psychological distress from anxiety and depression. HADS has not yet been validated in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Amharic (Ethiopian language) version of HADs among HIV infected patients. Methods: The translated scale was administered to 302 HIV/AIDS patients on follow up for and taking anti-retroviral treatment. Consistency assessment was conducted using Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was examined using principal components analysis (PCA). Parallel analysis, Kaiser's criterion and the scree test were used for factor extraction. Results: The internal consistency was 0.78 for the anxiety, 0.76 for depression subscales and 0.87 for the full scale of HADS. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 80%, 86%, and 84% for the anxiety and depression subscales, and total score respectively. PCA revealed a one dimensional scale. Conclusion: This preliminary validation study of the Ethiopian version of the HADs indicates that it has promising acceptability, reliability and validity. The adopted scale has a single underlying dimension as indicated by Razavi's model. The HADS can be used to examine psychological distress in HIV infected patients. Findings are discussed and recommendations made.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayalu Aklilu Reda, 2011. "Reliability and Validity of the Ethiopian Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in HIV Infected Patients," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(1), pages 1-6, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0016049
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016049
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0016049
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0016049&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0016049?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sintayehu Simie Tsega & Birhaneselassie Gebeyehu Yazew & Kennean Mekonnen, 2021. "Sleep quality and associated factors among adult patients with epilepsy attending follow-up care at referral hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Ignacio Hernando-Garijo & Luis Ceballos-Laita & María Teresa Mingo-Gómez & Ricardo Medrano-de-la-Fuente & Elena Estébanez-de-Miguel & María Natividad Martínez-Pérez & Sandra Jiménez-del-Barrio, 2021. "Immediate Effects of a Telerehabilitation Program Based on Aerobic Exercise in Women with Fibromyalgia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Wendy Zhang & Nadia O’Brien & Jamie I Forrest & Kate A Salters & Thomas L Patterson & Julio S G Montaner & Robert S Hogg & Viviane D Lima, 2012. "Validating a Shortened Depression Scale (10 Item CES-D) among HIV-Positive People in British Columbia, Canada," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(7), pages 1-5, July.
    4. Qianping Ren & Maoliang Ye, 2017. "Losing children and mental well-being: evidence from China," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(12), pages 868-877, July.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0016049. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.