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Phylogeny of Diving Beetles Reveals a Coevolutionary Arms Race between the Sexes

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  • Johannes Bergsten
  • Kelly B Miller

Abstract

Background: Darwin illustrated his sexual selection theory with male and female morphology of diving beetles, but maintained a cooperative view of their interaction. Present theory suggests that instead sexual conflict should be a widespread evolutionary force driving both intersexual coevolutionary arms races and speciation. Methodology/Principal Findings: We combined Bayesian phylogenetics, complete taxon sampling and a multi-gene approach to test the arms race scenario on a robust diving beetle phylogeny. As predicted, suction cups in males and modified dorsal surfaces in females showed a pronounced coevolutionary pattern. The female dorsal modifications impair the attachment ability of male suction cups, but each antagonistic novelty in females corresponds to counter-differentiation of suction cups in males. Conclusions: A recently diverged sibling species pair in Japan is possibly one consequence of this arms race and we suggest that future studies on hypoxia might reveal the key to the extraordinary selection for female counter-adaptations in diving beetles.

Suggested Citation

  • Johannes Bergsten & Kelly B Miller, 2007. "Phylogeny of Diving Beetles Reveals a Coevolutionary Arms Race between the Sexes," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(6), pages 1-6, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0000522
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000522
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bryan Kolaczkowski & Joseph W. Thornton, 2004. "Performance of maximum parsimony and likelihood phylogenetics when evolution is heterogeneous," Nature, Nature, vol. 431(7011), pages 980-984, October.
    2. Sergey Gavrilets, 2000. "Rapid evolution of reproductive barriers driven by sexual conflict," Nature, Nature, vol. 403(6772), pages 886-889, February.
    3. Göran Arnqvist & Locke Rowe, 2002. "Antagonistic coevolution between the sexes in a group of insects," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6873), pages 787-789, February.
    4. Oliver Y. Martin & David J. Hosken, 2003. "The evolution of reproductive isolation through sexual conflict," Nature, Nature, vol. 423(6943), pages 979-982, June.
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