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Socioeconomic drivers of human Brucellosis in Ningxia, China: A one health and spatiotemporal analysis for targeted intervention

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  • Ping Zhang
  • Xiaojuan Ma
  • Ting Pan
  • Jingxia Dang
  • Dongfeng Pan
  • Mingbo Chen
  • Peifeng Liang

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of human brucellosis and quantify the exposure-lag-response relationships of key socioeconomic and livestock production drivers in Ningxia, China, from 2007 to 2022. The goal was to generate evidence for developing targeted, integrated interventions in this high-burden pastoral region. Methods: We conducted a retrospective ecological study integrating human brucellosis surveillance data with county-level socioeconomic and livestock production statistics. A multi-analytic framework was employed: Joinpoint regression analyzed long-term trends; spatiotemporal scan statistics identified high-risk clusters; GeoDetector quantified the explanatory power of potential drivers on spatial heterogeneity; and Distributed Lag Nonlinear Models (DLNMs) were constructed to assess the nonlinear and lagged effects of significant drivers on monthly incidence. Results: The human brucellosis incidence rate in Ningxia increased 167-fold, from 0.52 to 86.83 per 100,000 population between 2007 and 2022. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed a persistent high-risk cluster (Relative Risk, RR = 4.22, P

Suggested Citation

  • Ping Zhang & Xiaojuan Ma & Ting Pan & Jingxia Dang & Dongfeng Pan & Mingbo Chen & Peifeng Liang, 2026. "Socioeconomic drivers of human Brucellosis in Ningxia, China: A one health and spatiotemporal analysis for targeted intervention," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(3), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pntd00:0014124
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0014124
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