IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pgph00/0005190.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How does a recent gender norms scale perform? Exploratory factor analyses among adolescents in Ethiopia and Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Anita Alaze
  • John Grosser
  • Oliver Razum
  • Céline Miani

Abstract

Inequitable gender norms shape adolescents’ perceptions and behaviours, increasing the risk for adverse health outcomes as adults. However, there is a lack of reliable scales to measure these norms. The Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence (GAGE) project proposes a scale for adolescents aged 10–19 years considered vulnerable, (i) distinguishing between individual-level gender attitudes and community-level gender norms (2 factors), and (ii) categorising items into five domains (e.g., education; 5 factors). As part of validating this scale, we analyse the two- and five-factor structure using GAGE datasets from Ethiopia and Bangladesh. We performed Explorative Factor Analyses (EFA) using Principal Axis Factoring and oblique rotation. We tested sampling adequacy using Bartlett’s test of sphericity and the Kaiser-Meyer Olkin measure. In the EFA, we tested the two-factor structure and refined the initial five-factor structure by removing variables that failed to load onto a factor or exhibited cross-loadings. Next, we removed variables with low communalities (

Suggested Citation

  • Anita Alaze & John Grosser & Oliver Razum & Céline Miani, 2025. "How does a recent gender norms scale perform? Exploratory factor analyses among adolescents in Ethiopia and Bangladesh," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(10), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pgph00:0005190
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005190
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0005190
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0005190&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pgph.0005190?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pgph00:0005190. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: globalpubhealth (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.