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Inequities in heat-related emergency department visits in California from 2005 – 2017

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  • Marisa Donnelly
  • Brooke Lappe
  • Meredith Milet
  • Jason Vargo

Abstract

Rising temperatures and extreme heat pose a substantial threat to human health through increases in heat-related morbidity and mortality. Moreover, social determinants of health can exacerbate the impact of heat on susceptible populations. This study investigates the inequities in heat-related emergency department (ED) visits in California from 2005-2017, focusing on how social determinants of health, represented by the California Healthy Places Index (HPI), may influence the associations between temperature and ED visits. A Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model (DLNM) was employed to assess the association between daily temperatures and ED visits for heat-related physical illness, mental health, and all-cause visits. The California HPI was used to stratify the data and evaluate disparities in heat-related ED visits across different socioeconomic conditions. There were 129,935,301 ED visits in California from 2005-2017. We find that 5.1% of heat-related physical illness visits, 5.4% of heat-related mental health visits, and

Suggested Citation

  • Marisa Donnelly & Brooke Lappe & Meredith Milet & Jason Vargo, 2026. "Inequities in heat-related emergency department visits in California from 2005 – 2017," PLOS Climate, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(10), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pclm00:0000586
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pclm.0000586
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