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The golden section in the art of ancient Greece: an anthropometric study of the young warrior of Riace

Author

Listed:
  • Alessandra Putrino

    (Sapienza University of Rome)

  • Mario Raso

    (Sapienza University of Rome)

  • Enrico Marinelli

    (Sapienza University of Rome)

  • Martina Caputo

    (Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS)

  • Simona Zaami

    (Sapienza University of Rome)

Abstract

More than half a century after their discovery in the Ionian Sea near Riace Marina (Italy, 1972 CE), the Riace Bronzes continue to fascinate and interest. They are a pair of statues most likely sculpted in Greece in the mid-5th century and are considered masterpieces of Classical Greek sculpture. Many studies have been conducted, yet there are no morphometric studies that delve into their facial features. The aim of this study is to determine dentofacial characteristics and the presence of golden ratios in the so-called “young-man” warrior statue, equipped with a silver foil to represent the upper teeth. The interpupillar, interalar, intercanthal distances and mesio-distal diameter of the upper central incisors were subjected to virtual photogrammetry (GIMP-GNU Image Manipulation Programme). The presence of vertical and horizontal golden ratios between different landmarks (intercanthal distance: centre of the nose; centre of pupils: base of nose: base of upper incisors; centre of pupil-base of nose: base of upper incisors-base of chin; centre of pupils- base of upper incisors: base of the chin) were analysed using a dedicated software (PhiMatrix). The face and teeth satisfy most of golden canons, as also corroborated by the one-way ANOVA-statistic test (p

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandra Putrino & Mario Raso & Enrico Marinelli & Martina Caputo & Simona Zaami, 2024. "The golden section in the art of ancient Greece: an anthropometric study of the young warrior of Riace," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:palcom:v:11:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1057_s41599-024-02801-3
    DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-02801-3
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    1. Mohammad Khursheed Alam & Nor Farid Mohd Noor & Rehana Basri & Tan Fo Yew & Tay Hui Wen, 2015. "Multiracial Facial Golden Ratio and Evaluation of Facial Appearance," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(11), pages 1-22, November.
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