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Incitations et Performance Productive: une Analyse Empirique dans le Secteur Manufacturier du Togo

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  • Akoété Agbodji

    (FASEG/Université de Lomé, Togo)

Abstract

Did incentives in Togo's export processing zone help firms to increase their technical efficiency? Drawing on incentive and production frontier theories, this article uses unbalanced panel data to estimate a translog stochastic frontier production function, with a diachronic technical inefficiency term. The results show that, in the food and chemical industries, technical efficiency differs according to the incentive scheme. Efficiency is lower for firms operating outside the export processing zone, when compared to firms operating within it. Factors affecting efficiency include: membership to the export processing zone, the foreign trade ratio, foreign capital investment, wage incentives and hierarchical control. However, by classifying types of employment on the basis of customs arrangements, we note that firms in the export processing zone tend to promote highly flexible labour practices and offer little job security.Les mesures incitatives dans la zone franche au Togo ont-elles permis d’accroître l’efficacité technique des firmes ? En s’appuyant sur les théories des incitations et des frontières de production, une frontière stochastique de type translog comportant le terme d’inefficacité technique variant dans le temps a été estimée à partir des données de panel non cylindrées. Les résultats montrent que, dans les branches alimentaire et chimique, les scores d’efficacité technique sont différents selon le régime incitatif. Ces scores sont plus faibles pour les entreprises hors zone franche comparativement à ceux des entreprises en zone franche. Les facteurs explicatifs des variations de scores d’efficacité sont relatifs: à l’appartenance à la zone franche, au degré d’ouverture, à la part du capital étranger, à l’incitant salarial et au contrôle hiérarchique. Cependant, une description des types d’emploi par régime douanier montre que les entreprises de la zone franche privilégient une forte flexibilité et précarité du travail.

Suggested Citation

  • Akoété Agbodji, 2010. "Incitations et Performance Productive: une Analyse Empirique dans le Secteur Manufacturier du Togo," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 22(2), pages 252-272, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:22:y:2010:i:2:p:252-272
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