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La desigualdad económica medida a través de las curvas de Lorenz = Economic Inequality Measurement Through Lorenz Curves

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  • Núñez Velázquez, José Javier

    (Departamento de Estadística, Estructura Económica y O.E.I. Universidad de Alcalá de Henares)

Abstract

En el presente trabajo se analiza la influencia de las curvas de Lorenz, el Principio de Transferencias y las relaciones de mayoración entre vectores de renta sobre las medidas de desigualdad. De esta forma, se pasa revista al desarrollo histórico que ha permitido diseñar el conjunto actual de axiomas o propiedades deseables para que una medida de desigualdad se comporte razonablemente. Además, se analiza la problemática de la ordenación en desigualdad de los vectores de renta. Ante la imposibilidad de selección de una única medida de desigualdad, se presenta la construcción de un indicador sintético dinámico construido a partir de una batería de índices simples de desigualdad, compatibles con el criterio de dominación de Lorenz. Finalmente, se incluye como ilustración el estudio de la evolución de la desigualdad y el nivel de vida en los países de la Unión Europea, durante el período 1993-1999. = This paper focuses both on the foundations of income inequality measures and on their relations with Lorenz curves, the Pigou-Dalton’s transfer principle and majorization relations among income vectors. So the historic development of these concepts is surveyed to show how the current broadaccepted set of properties and axioms was generated, in order to define whether an inequality measure has a good perform or not. In doing so, it will be possible to check out when a particular inequality measure performs in a suitable way. Furthermore, an analysis on the problems related to inequality orders and dominance relations among income vectors is included. Because of choosing a unique inequality indicator is highly arguable, the construction of a Lorenz-compatible synthetic dynamic inequality indicator is presented, using an initial set with basic Lorenz-compatible inequality indices as starting point. Finally, as an illustration, an analysis of both inequality and well-being trends in the European Union countries during 1993-1999 is included.

Suggested Citation

  • Núñez Velázquez, José Javier, 2006. "La desigualdad económica medida a través de las curvas de Lorenz = Economic Inequality Measurement Through Lorenz Curves," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, vol. 2(1), pages 67-108, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:pab:rmcpee:v:2:y:2006:i:1:p:67-108
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    curvas de Lorenz; medidas de desigualdad; distribución de la renta; Lorenz curves; income inequality measures; income distribution;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation

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